THE EIGHTEENTH CENTURY. 1786 - 1790.

1786-1787.

The original papers and correspondence of the Illuminati were found, at this time. Large collections found at the houses of Zwack and Baron Bassus. There were some 40 Lodges in Germany, 14 in Austria, several in Upper Saxony, Westphalia, Strasbourg; Many in Livonia, Courland, Alsace, Hesse; Many in Holland, Switzerland and Poland; Several in America, some at Rome, in England, Florence, Turin and Naples and many in France. The list of members contains the names of Noblemen, Counsellors, Professors, Priests and Military Officers. There was no persecution of the Order, or prohibition of Secret Assemblies or edict against Masonic Lodges in Prussia, while the Illuminati were being persecuted in Bavaria.

Offenbach. In 1786 or 1787, Jacob Frank leaves Bruenn for Offenbach, and, after bargaining with the Prince of Ysenburg, established himself there, where he would remain for the rest of his life. Externally, Frank and his family pretended to be practicing Catholics, at the same time they put on a show of strange practices, deliberately "Eastern" in nature. Frank even went so far as posing his daughter Eva as a Romanov princess, which several influential people actually believed. A foreshadowing of Anastasia? According to Nesta Webster, "it was whilst Frank was living as Baron von Offenbach close to Frankfurt that Cagliostro was received into the Order of the Stricte Observance in a subterranean chamber a few miles from that city. Earlier in his career he was known to have visited Poland, whence Frank derived." But, according to other sources, it was in London, at the Esperance Lodge, that Cagliostro was received into the S. O. There are more sources for this than for the assertion by Webster.

1786.

An Essay on the Worship of Priapus, by Richard Payne Knight, 36, published by the Dilettanti Society. The publication caused such a stir that he attempted to destroy all copies, but couldn't. Quite a lot of copies escaped the holocaust and were circulated from hand to hand amongst those interested in the subjects of fertility and phallic religion. We would add, those interested in the very taboo sexual magic, which has been practiced forever, but only by the very few in Western Society. A Second Edition came out in 1865, published by Hotten. The Hotten edition was published alongside Thomas Wright's Essay on the Worship of the Generative Powers During the Middle Ages of Western Europe. This duo is what has to be declared one of the primary volumes in the Great Books in the Western Esoteric Tradition Series.

In 1786 the HRDM chartered a body at Rouen, when an interesting correspondence ensued between Wm. Mason, the Grand Deputy Master, and Murdoch the Grand Secretary, in which the latter speaks of the dormancy of the Order for some time in Scotland, in a light that scarcely agrees with the facts of the case.

Rebold says that the ceremonies of the Royal Order were revived on the formation of the Grand Lodge of St. John's Masonry the Mastership of the Jacobite Lodge Canongate Kilwinning, and it is a fact that in 1735 the Lodge had, as is proved by the Minutes, a Master's Lodge quite distinct from the Craft, and which in its work and organization, was identical with the London Lodge, No. 115, designated in 1733 a Scotts Masons Lodge, and Brother John Lane holds that this was identical in Constitution with certain Lodges established as Master-Masons Lodges conferring that degree only of the English Ritual, that therefore the so-called Scotts Lodges differed only in this that their members were Scottishmen.

There is no proof that the Rituals were the same, and it may be that the actual Scots Lodges had a special ceremony such as the Mastership of the Harodim. It is probable that there is truth in Rebold's statement that the Cannongate Kilwinning Lodge, which was a Jacobite Lodge, was the Christian Harodim which expired, as the Scotch Rite contends with the ruin which befell that political sect. The title of Grand Inspector General was acquired by the Grand Lodge of France from the dignatory Officers of the Emperors when, together with the Knights of the East, the remains of these Orders united with the Grand Orient in 1786, and into which Tschoudy had introduced the Noachite.

Offenbach. In 1786 or 1787, Frank left Bruenn, and settled in Offenbach, near Frankfurt. In Bruenn and Offenbach Frank and his children played a part, which was successful for a time, in order to throw dust in the eyes of the inhabitants and authorities. While pretending to follow the practices of the Catholic Church, at the same time they put on a show of strange practices, deliberately Eastern in nature, in order to emphasize their exotic character. In his last years, Frank began to spread even among his close associates the notion that his daughter Eva was in reality the illegitimate daughter of the empress Catherine of the house of Romanov, and that he was no more than her guardian.

Narbonne. Philadelphes united with the Grand Orient of France. To this Rite the Antient and Primitive Rite refers for the origin of its principles and form of organization. (Hist A&P)

Frankfurt. A secret convention of the Philalethes convened at this time. This is supposedly when the deaths of Louis XVI and Gustavus III of Sweden were decreed.

Prague. Casanova publishes Soliloque d'un penseur, an exposé of Cagliostro, undoubtedly in order to cash in on the bad press Cagliostro was generating over the Philalethe Congress.

The Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite (AASR) is said to have had its origin in 1786. It was formed by adding eight degrees to the twenty-five of the Rite of Perfection, which had existed in France and elsewhere for some twenty-five years as an organized Rite, its Constitutions having been enacted in the year 1762.

Hamburg. The negotiations with England being complete, and Zinnendorff disowned, the two Hamburg Lodges redivided into the original four, and on 24 August Graefe installed Von Exter as Prov. G. M. of Hamburg and Lower Saxony. Exter's Patent was dated 5 July 1786.

Primitive Rite (Philadelphes) united to Grand Orient. Some Lodges maintained independence. Gould states that the Union was in 1806.

Silanum ordered on the R+C by the Masonic Bodies and the Government. This was probably due to the exposure of the Illuminati.

Order of African Architects ceases to exist.

1 May. Berlin(according to the story). The Grand Constitutions of the AASR, sanctioned by Frederick the Great, King of Prussia, announced the creation of the 33° , of Sovereign Grand Inspectors-General of the Ancient and Accepted Scottish Rite, and of a Supreme Council of persons invested with that Degree, and provided for the creation of other Supreme Councils by such Inspectors-General; and all genuine Inspectors-General, all regular Supreme Councils, and the Rite itself exist solely by virtue of those Grand Constitutions(says Pike), neither having any other foundation or reason of existence.

31 May, Paris. A sensational trial before the parlement of Paris resulted in the acquittal of the cardinal de Rohan. The comtesse de Lamotte was condemned to be whipped, branded and shut up in the Salpetriere. Her husband, who is believed to have escaped with the necklace to London, was condemned, in his absence, to the galleys for life.

June to July. Dr. Zimmerman, author of Thoughts on Solitude was with Frederick the Great at this time. He was an Illuminatus and most active in propagating it in other countries. He was employed as a missionary, and erected Lodges at Neufchatel and in Hungary and Rome. When in Hungary he boasted of having established more than 100 Lodges, some of which were in England.

November. London. Cagliostro arrives in London, as the "Count Sutkowski," a Polish Nobleman, and and asserts that he hails from a Swedenborgian Secret Society at Avignon which had been formed in Courland in 1779. Cagliostro visited the Swedenborgians at their Theosophical Society meeting in rooms in the Middle Temple and displayed minute acquaintance with their doctrines, whilst claiming a superior knowledge." -- Notes on the Rainsford Papers, in Ars Quatuor Coronati, Vol. XXVI, p. 111.

Here is the advertisement which he issued in the Morning Herald:

"To all true Masons. In the name of Jehovah. The time is at length arrived for the construction of the New Temple of Jerusalem. The advertiser invites all true Masons to meet him on the 3^rd inst., at nine o'clock, at Reilly's Tavern, Great Queen Street, to form a plan for levelling the footstone of the true and only Temple in the visible world."

2 November. London. According to a generally received opinion, Cagliostro was the author of a mysterious proclamation which appeared at this moment in the Morning Herald in the cypher of the Rose-Croix. At the end of 1786, he returns to France. During this stay in London, he was attacked by the editor Morand, in the Courier de l'Europe, in a series of abusive articles, to which Cagliostro replied in a letter to the English people.

24 December. Paris. The Viscount de Gand elected Grand Master of the Scots Philosophic Rite.

London. Mirabeau writes a letter to Cagliostro and to Lavater. Mirabeau is initiated by the Illuminati of Bavaria in Berlin.

Mirabeau, on a mission to Berlin, formed a friendship with Dohm and became an habitué of the salon of a young and beautiful Jewess, Henriette de Lemos, wife of Dr. Herz, and it was there that the disciples of Moses Mendelssohn, who had just died, pressed him to raise his voice in favour of the oppressed Jews, with the result that Mirabeau published a book in London on the same lines as Dohm's (Sur Moses Mendelssohn, sur la réforme politique des Juifs: et en particulier sur la révolution tentée en leur faveur en 1753 dans la Grande-Bretagne. A Londres, 1787.)

1787.

January. London. Saint-Martin in London for six months, where he made the acquaintance of William Law and the astronomer Herschel, the Comte de Divonne, Dutens, and the Russian Prince Galitzin, with whom he was domiciled. It was in London also, that he wrote his third book, L'Homme de Desir, though it was not published until 1790, and then at Lyons.

4 January. London. William Preston reorganized the system of the Lectures in 1786, under the designation of the Grand Chapter of Harodim, and established them in London, 4 January 1787. He claims that "it is of ancient date in different parts of Europe... The Mysteries are peculiar to the Institution, and the Lectures of a Chapter include every branch of the Masonic System." The Rulers were a General Director and a Grand Harod, of which the Harodim is the plural. The members were divided into Clause-holders, Sectionists, and Lecturers. Thus the 5 first sections would carry a member to the Royal Arch; and four more sections conducted to the Ne Plus Ultra; in a total of 81 points. The Arch of the Ancients represents the Sanhedrin, composed of 72 members, as a Supreme Court of Judicature amongst the ancient Jews, so also does the Red Cross, Knight of the Sword, and Prince of Jerusalem. Hence it is supposed to have a standing superior to that of a Grand Lodge which has irregularly usurped its functions.

February. Paris. The first cover for the Illuminati at this time was the lodge of the Amis Reunis in Paris. By now a definite alliance was effected by Bode and Busche, who in response to an invitation from the secret committee of the lodge arrived in Paris in February. Here they found the old Illuminatus Mirabeau, who with Talleyrand had been largely instrumental in summoning these German Brothers, and, according to Gustav Bord, (La Franc-Maçonnerie en France, etc., p. 358 [1908]. This Austrian Count is referred to in the correspondence of the Illuminati more as an agent than as an adept. Weishaupt writes: 'I must attempt to cure him of theosophy and bring him round to our views.' Philo, before the Congress of Wilhelmsbad, observes: 'Numenius is not yet of much use. I am only taking him up so as to stop his mouth at the Congress; still, if he is well led we can make something out of him.') two important members of the Strict Observance, the Marquis Chefdebien de Armisson (Eques a Capite Galeato) and an Austrian, the Comte Leopold de Kollowrath-Krakowski (Eques ab Aquila Fulgente) who also belonged to Weishaupt's Order of Illuminati in which he bore the pseudonym of Numenius. The role of the Amis Reunis was to collect together the subversives from all other lodges -- Philalethes, Rose-Croix, members of the Loge des Neuf Seurs and of the Loge de la Candeur, and of the most secret committees of the Grand Orient, as well as deputies from the Illuminés in the provinces. Here, then, at the lodge in the Rue de la Sourdière, under the direction of Savalette de Langes, were to be found the disciples of Weishaupt, of Swedenborg, and of Saint-Martin...

8 March to 26 May. Paris. Second Philalethes Congress. It is said that this Congress was as fruitless as the first one, with 13 worthless questions... Gould: "From this time the system appears to have become contaminated with tendencies towards magis, etc., and to have lost its pristine vigour."

May. London. Cagliostro visits and departs. Leaves England permanently. But, although he had a few Egyptian Lodges in London under his government, he appears, perhaps from Morand's revelations of his character and life, to have lost his popularity and he left England permanently in May, 1787. He went to Savoy, Sardinia, and other places in the south of Europe...

July. Paris. Saint-Martin passed through Paris en route to Amboise, where his father had been stricken with paralysis.

September. Lyons. Saint-Martin returns to Lyons, but in the absence of Willermoz. Thereafter he paid a second visit to Italy, visiting Siena and Rome.

Iptingen. Pastor Genter of Iptingen investigated why Christian Hörnle's son (born in 1774) refused to go to school. The boy refused to go to school because pastors and the rest of organized religion belonged to the Weltgeist, or worldly spirit. One can see in Genter's report that the pastor is profoundly irritated with the "Boßheit" (evilness) of these "enthusiastic sects" (Schwärmerischen Secte).

Hamburg. Schroeder was elected GM of Lodge Emanuel, and soon after was intrusted with the revision of the Statutes.

There are about seven hundred Lodges in France. Weishaupt publishes his Nachtrag, which describes the structure of a secret organization in which each adherent knows only his immediate superior.

Avignon. It is said that at this time and place the "Polish Starost Gabrianca, founder of the Illuminati of Avignon, added Martinist and Swedenborgian Philosophy." The Society Exegetique et Philanthropique was instituted in 1787, for secret instruction in the doctrines of Mesmer and Swedenborg.

When it became evident that the subjection of the German Masonic Lodges to the yoke of the Golden RC was beyond all expectation, and would lead to a real meltdown, a command went forth in 1787 from Southern Germany, enjoining the suspension of activities. The event coincided with the time when "the credulous were anticipating the last and most important disclosures of that new and general plan which had been promised them."

It is said that the Initiated Brothers of Asia were through by this time, because a writer named Rollig published their secrets. Waite: "My experience of Secret Orders, Masonic, and otherwise, shows that they do not suffer death in this manner: more often they undergo change." -- Brethren of the Rosy Cross, p. 526.

British Secretary of State Dundas proposes that Britain storm China and create more of an opium market to suppress the Chinese people.

The duke of Bavaria issues a final edict against the Order of the Illuminati.

Dollar currency first introduced in the United States.

1788 - 1790.

It was through the Swedes' influence on the Swedenborg Society in l788-90 that the first evidence of Mrs. Blake's difficulties with her husband's sexual theosophy begins to emerge. In March 1788 Charles Bernhard Wadström, a Swedish colleague of Nordenskjöld, arrived in London with the manuscript of Swedenborg's spiritual diary. Though Blake's friend John Augustus Tulk offered to subsidize the publication of these "memorabilia" from the spirit world, some of the English Swedenborgians were horrified at the erotic and magical scenes described in them. In February l789, when Augustus Nordenskjöld returned to London, his bold advocacy of Swedenborg's sexual and alchemical theories exacerbated an emerging liberal-conservative split in the society. Though the London society was linked with Swedenborgian Masonic lodges in Avignon, Paris, Berlin, and Stockholm, a minority of English members distrusted the revolutionary leanings of the foreigners, and they determined to establish a separate dissenting church at Great Eastcheap. When the Blakes attended the Great Eastcheap Conference in April l789, the factions attempted to patch over their quarrel, and they issued a compromise manifesto (signed by William and Catherine Blake). However, the Swedes were distressed at the reluctance of the conservatives to publish an English translation of Conjugial Love, which they considered Swedenborg's most inspired work. On 26 May he issued an invitation to the liberal Swedenborgians to join his secret alchemical order. On 26 June Nordenskjöld issued another appeal in his Plan for a Free Community Upon the Coast of Africa.

1788.

10 March. Paris. C. A. Thory (1759 - 1827) was appointed Grand Librarian of the Scots Philosophic Rite. The library of this Grand Lodge was at that time one of the finest in existence. In 1789 it was partly pillaged, but the missing documents were subsequently recovered. In 1806 Thory enriched it with the most valuable of the works formerly belonging to the Library of the Philalethes, Lodge of the Amis Reunis, dispersed during the Revolution. On the extinction of the Scots Philosophic Rite this grand collection remained in Thory's custody, and at his death passed to Dr. Charles Morrison of Greenfield, whose widow presented it -- upwards of 2000 volumes -- to the Grand Lodge of Scotland in 1849. It is possible that even these 2000 volumes do not comprise the whole collection; as in 1860 and 1863 sales were advertised in Paris purporting to be from the library of the Contrat Social.

April. Paris. Saint-Martin at Paris and about to visit his father, who is still alive, at the native place of both.

June. Strasbourg. Saint-Martin goes to Strasbourg, where he resides for three years, the happiest of all his life. It was here, under the auspices of Rodolphe Salzmann, also mystically disposed, and of Madame de Boecklin, his most intimate and cherished woman friend, that he made his first acquaintance with the writings of Jacob Bohme; here he became intimate with the Chevalier de Silferheim, a nephew of Swedenborg, and all his horizon widened under the influence of the Teutonic philosopher.

13 December. Paris. Francis, Lord Elcho -- Grand Master of Scotland, 30 Nov 1786 to 1 Dec 1788 -- received the Philosophic degrees in the Grand Metropolitan Chapter.

Savalette de Langes dies (Gould says 1792+), and with it the Amis Reunis and the Rite of the Philalethes.

Papus reports that in 1788 the apparitions of the Agent had ceased, according to a letter of Willermoz.

Venice. The Rite of Misraim, we are told, was created at this time in Venice, under a license granted by Cagliostro. We are further told that this was brought to France by three Provencal brethren named Bedarride in the year of 1810. There is a town just to the north of Avignon named Bedarrides. This is stated by Robert Ambelain, who was Grand Master of the Antient and Primitive Rite of Memphis and Misraim in the 1960s, and a Gnostic Bishop...

Altona. Publication of The Secret Symbols of the Rosicrucians.

Constitutional amendment ratified that limited the power of the government and ensured money was backed by precious metal.

1789.

In this year, the German Union of 22 was disbanded. At the same time, in Breslau, Fessler established the Society of Evergetes. Also said to be founded by Zerboni in Silesia, c. 1792....some of the members imprisoned 1796...became defunct, c. 1801-2.

May. Rome. Cagliostro sets up Egyptian Lodge. Thrown in Castle of San Angelo; Tried by the Inquisition on 27 December 1789. Condemned to life imprisonment.

14 July. Paris. Bastille Day. FRENCH REVOLUTION BEGINS. Crisis in the French Lodges.

22 July. Paris. The "Great Fear" spreads over France. Its author, according to Webster, was Adrien Duport.

6 October. Paris. The following document, Croquis ou Projet de Révolution de Monsieur de Mirabeau, was seized at the house of Madame Lejai, the wife of Mirabeau's publisher. Beginning with a diatribe against the French monarchy, the document goes on to say that --

"In order to triumph over this hydra-headed monster these are my ideas:

"We must overthrow all order, suppress all laws, annul all power, and leave the people in anarchy. The laws we establish will not perhaps be in force at once, but at any rate, having given back the power to the people, they will resist for the sake of their liberty which they will believe they are preserving. We must caress their vanity, flatter their hopes, promise them happiness after our work has been in operation; we must elude their caprices and their systems at will, for the people as legislators are very dangerous, they only establish laws which coincide with their passions, their want of knowledge would besides only give birth to abuses. But as the people are a lever which legislators can move at their will, we must necessarily use them as a support, and render hateful to them everything we wish to destroy and sow illusions in their path; we must also buy all the mercenary pens which propagate our methods and which will instruct the people concerning their enemies whom we attack. The clergy, being the most powerful through public opinion, can only be destroyed by ridiculing religion, rendering its ministers odious, and only representing them as hypocritical monsters, for Mahometin order to establish his religion first defamed the paganism which the Arabs, the Sarmathes, and the Scythians professed. Libels must at every moment show fresh traces of hatred against the clergy. To exaggerate their riches, to make the sins of an individual appear to be common to all, to attribute to them all vices; calumny, murder, irreligion, sacrilege, all is permitted in times of revolution.

"We must degrade the noblesse and attribute it to an odious origin, establish the germ of equality which can never exist but which will flatter the people; we must immolate the most obstinate, burn and destroy their property in order to intimidate the rest, so that if we cannot entirely destroy this prejudice we can weaken it and the people will avenge their vanity and their jealousy by all the excesses which will bring them to submission.

"Let us beware, above all of giving them too much force; their despotism is too dangerous, we must flatter the people by gratuitous justice, promise them a great diminution in taxes and a more equal division, more extension in fortunes, and less humiliation. These phantasies will fanaticise the people, who will flatten out all resistance. What matter the victims and their numbers? Spoliations, destructions, burnings, and all the necessary effects of a revolution? Nothing must be sacred and we can say with Machiavelli: 'What matter the means as long as one arrives at the end?'"

16 December. Saint-Martin asks Willermoz whether he could participate in the "initiation" attached to the Regime Rectifie without belonging to its Symbolical Lodge. The Regime Ecossais Ancien et Rectifie was the Strict Observance as transformed at Lyons and ratified at Wilhelmsbad, more especially it was the Craft Degrees of this Rite and their supplement the Grade of St. Andrew. Beyond it were the novitiate and chivalry of the Holy City, and these again beyond were two final Grades, unnamed. It is two these two unnamed, and hidden degrees, that Saint-Martin refers to under the term "initiations". He did not get a straight answer.

In l789 another Jewish Swedenborgian named Samuel acted as a liaison between the London society and the illuminist lodge at Avignon, which was accused of "frivolous erotic practices." Nordenskjöld fully supported the efforts of charismatic Masonic emissaries from France—Count Cagliostro, Count Grabianka, and Louis Claude de St. Martin—to radicalize the London Swedenborgians and to promote Kabbalistic theories of spirit communication and conjugal love.

In early 1790, Nordenskjöld became so frustrated by the prudery of the Eastcheapers that he travelled to France, where he prsented a French version of his "Form of a New Society" (Tableau d'une Constitution incorruptible) to the National Assembly in Paris. In autumn of that year, Blake moved to Lambeth, where he became the close neighbor of several Swedenborgians who supported the radical agenda of Nordenskjöld and the illuminist Masons (J.A. Tulk, Frances Barthelemon, Jacob and Thomas Duché). Moreover, they were sympathetic to the even more radical sexual notions of the frères at Avignon, who featured ritual nudity, communal sex, and worship of the Shekhinah in their arcane ceremonies. A conservative critic would later charge that illuminist "clubs" in England sent to the French National Assembly a memorial, "in which the Assembly was requested to establish a community of wives, and to take children from their parents, and educate them for the nation."

In 1789 the Marquis de Luchet warned France of the danger of the Illuminati, whose object was world domination. In consequence of this 'gigantic project' de Luchet foresees 'a series of calamities of which the end is lost in the darkness of time, like unto those subterranean fires of which the insatiable activity devours the bowels of the earth and which escape into the air by violent and devastating explosions.' -- Essai sur la Secte des Illuminés, 1792 edition, p. 48.

Paris. The Societé d'Aloyau, or The Society of the Sirloin, was established. The members of this society were dispersed at the time of the French Revolution. The Duke of Cosse-Brissac was its Grand Master at the time of its dispersion in 1792. This Society is said to have been a secret continuation of the Order of the Temple, which had been established by the Duke of Orleans in 1705, using the famed Charter of Transmission of John Mark Larmenius...

Knights of Malta defeated by Napoleon.

Epidemic of influenza in New England through 1790.

Constitution of the United States ratified. George Washington maintains a vast plantation growing marijuana (hemp).(For medicinal purposes, we might add)...

George Washington, a mason, becomes President of the United States, following the terms of Presidents Hanson, Boudinot, Mifflin, Lee, Gorham, Griffin and St. Clair.

1790.

22 January. The Jews of Bordeaux recognized the odium that the German Jews were calculated to bring on the Jewish cause, and in an address to the Assembly on this date, dissociated themselves from the aggressive claims of the Ashkenazim:

"We dare to believe that our condition in France would not to-day be open to discussion if certain demands of the Jews of Alsace, Lorraine, and the Trois Evêchés [i.e. Metz, Toul, and Verdun] had not caused a confusion of ideas which appears to reflect on us. We do not yet know exactly what these demands are, but to judge by the public papers they appear to be rather extraordinary since these Jews aspire to live in France under a special régime, to have laws peculiar to themselves, and to constitute a class of citizens separated from all the others."

28 January. Decree conferring on the Jews of Bordeaux the rights of French citizens, but the proposal to extend this to the Jews of Alsace evoked a storm of controversy in the Assembly and also violent insurrection amongst the Alsatian peasants.

21 May. Adrien Duport, the inner initiate of the secret societies, set forth before the Committee of Propaganda a scheme of destruction:

"M. De Mirabeau has well established the fact that the fortunate revolution which has taken place in France must and will be for all the peoples of Europe the awakening of liberty and for Kings the sleep of death."

04 July. Saint-Martin asks Willermoz to advise the proper quarter of his resignation from the Interior Order, i.e., the novitiate and chivalry, and from all lists and registers in which his name may have been inscribed since 1785. He points out that in the spirit he had never been integrated therein. His intention was remain among the Cohens, i.e., the Elect Priesthood, but how nominally we can imagine from the detached sentiments in his letter. There are no more letters between Saint-Martin and Willermoz. It follows that the Unknown Agent charged with the work of initiation, had undone that work, and whether or not the manifestations continued until 1796, it would seem that there is no record of proceedings, and the whole thing died out. The Elect Priesthood missed its mark. With all his ceremonial, all his occult powers, Pasqually scored a failure, and the Master who emerged from the unseen, carrying such high ascribed warrants, permitted himself, through lack in resources, to be circumvented by he emissaries of Robespierre. Meanwhile, the star of Saint-Martin's influence grew from more to more, and in the highest circles of society, at Strasbourg and Paris, in the palace of the Duchesse de Bourbon, amidst the convulsions of the revolutions he taught the way of the mystics. In l790, when Blake asserted in The Marriage of Heaven and Hell that "now is the dominion of Edom," he seemed to draw on Frankist tradition, which was assimilated into certain Jewish-Christian rites of Freemasonry. Scholem notes that among the disciples of Jacob Frank, ...Edom symbolizes the unbridled flow of life which liberates man because its force and power are not subject to any law... It was necessary to abolish and destroy the laws, teachings, and practices which constrict the power of life, but this must be done in secret; ...it was essential outwardly to assume the garb of the corporeal Edom, i.e., Christianity...[but] Jesus of Nazareth was no more than the husk preceding and concealing the fruit, who was Frank himself [the reincarnation of Sabbatai Zevi].

Zinzendorf was so fascinated by Frank's pronouncements, after thousands of Frankists converted to Catholicism in Poland, that he sent emissaries (Jews converted to Moravianism) to meet with Frank's disciples.

At the same time, Swedenborg became suspicious of the sincerity of Dr. Falk, whose apparent Christian sympathies clothed his private Shabbetean beliefs. Some initiates of Frank's and Falk's inner circles encouraged antinomian sexual practices in the name of holy sinning, while forbidden magical practices were undertaken to hasten the messianic reversal of reality. In his journals, Swedenborg described the sexual rituals and magical practices of certain Jews in London, which both inspired and frightened him.

In 1790 Nordenskjöld gave J.A. Tulk, Blake's friend and neighbor, 180 pages of extracts from the unpublished spiritual diary. Their illuminist collaborator Benedict Chastanier, who hoped to heal the breach between the Eastcheapers and Universalists, copied passages from the diary throughout 1790-91.

Initiated Brothers of Asia supposedly dies out. We say it went under cover from this date on, until the O.T.O. But see later on, in the National Mexican Rite -- seeds of the original RC, seeds of the original Illuminati, seeds of the Initiates of Asia, and a potential influence upon the Rites which were responsible for the development of the OTO. Those sceptical of this admission would do well to consult the record. See also F. G. Irwin's Order of X

(Swastika Symbol in the font "Mortbats").

Leicester. The Freemasons' Chronicle (2 March 1909) says that in the Leicester Corporation Museum there is an old chair which, 250 years ago, belonged to a Free Masons' Guild which met at the White Lion down to 1790. Upon the back is a design to mark a square building and the letter B, and it is thought there may have been another with J. A second chair is said to have belonged to the Arch Guild.

About the year 1790, Thomas Dunckerley, who had long taken a very important part, in every degree of Freemasonry, and was Grand Superintendent of the Royal Arch for Bristol, etc., and he himself writes to the York Encampment of Redemption, 24 July 1791, that the Bristol Knights had requested him to take the Grand Mastership of their Order, which of course would include all the bodies which had Compacted, no doubt Bath and Salisbury. There was an Encampment termed the Observance of London, which had a Foreign origin, as Lambert de Lintot, who was a P. M. of Lodge St. George of Observance, and who had been initiated in 1743, had for many years been working the seven degree system of the French Templary of Clermont, ostensibly as "Agent of Prince Charles Edward Stuart." A Rose Croix Ritual printed at London which says that a member of the degree had "power to assemble Masons, and perfect them up to the 6th degree of Ecossaise Knight of the East;" qualifying for the 7th Degree of R. C.